u(t) is called 60 times per second.
t: Elapsed time in seconds.
S: Shorthand for Math.sin.
C: Shorthand for Math.cos.
T: Shorthand for Math.tan.
R: Function that generates rgba-strings, usage ex.: R(255, 255, 255, 0.5)
c: A 1920x1080 canvas.
x: A 2D context for that canvas.
Illustrates the orbits of the first 4 planets in our solar system. The distance from the sun (not shown but expected in the center) and the orbital periods are to approximate scale. Variable A holds the planetary data, positions 0-3 indicate the distance in Astronomical Units from the sun, positions 4-7 the number of days for orbital periods. These are rounded to fit into the 140 byte limit. Earth should be 3.65, but is rounded up to 4. Not perfect but a close approximation. q is the radius of each orbit (derived from the AU distance), and d is the angle of the planet on the orbital path (derived from the days per orbital period).
A golfed version that tunes earth's orbital period to 360 days, and speeds up the simulation: c.width^=0;r=600;for(n=4;n--,q=r*[.2,.3,.5,.75][n],d=t*2/[1,2,3.6,7][n];)x.arc(r,r,q,1,9),x.stroke(),x.fillRect(r+q*C(d),r+q*S(d),9,9)
u(t) is called 60 times per second.
t: elapsed time in seconds.
c: A 1920x1080 canvas.
x: A 2D context for that canvas.
S: Math.sin
C: Math.cos
T: Math.tan
R: Generates rgba-strings, ex.: R(255, 255, 255, 0.5)