u(t) is called 60 times per second.
t: Elapsed time in seconds.
S: Shorthand for Math.sin.
C: Shorthand for Math.cos.
T: Shorthand for Math.tan.
R: Function that generates rgba-strings, usage ex.: R(255, 255, 255, 0.5)
c: A 1920x1080 canvas.
x: A 2D context for that canvas.
It's very interesting mathematically - it corresponds to certain kinds of random walk that are hard to analyse otherwise. Some physicists also care about it.
I can't explain conformal mappings in a comment, but the central part is the function d, which sends z=a+bi to z+delta*dg_t(z)/dt (dg/dt is defined on Wikipedia). For brevity, I've set delta=1/2, so it's approximating d(g_t(z))=g_{t+1/2}(z). The complex number division is golfed. Brightness corresponds to the imaginary part of g_t(z). The javascript variable z is not a+bi, but is brownian motion - zeta(t) according to Wikipedia.
u(t) is called 60 times per second.
t: elapsed time in seconds.
c: A 1920x1080 canvas.
x: A 2D context for that canvas.
S: Math.sin
C: Math.cos
T: Math.tan
R: Generates rgba-strings, ex.: R(255, 255, 255, 0.5)